Product Description
Replenish� is a proprietary blend
of salts designed to replenish physiologically relevant minerals that
are removed by reverse osmosis or deionizing filtration. Replenish� restores
General Hardness (GH) using a balanced blend of both �soft� (sodium,
potassium) and �hard� (calcium, magnesium) salts. Restoration
of mineral content is essential since a complete lack of minerals will
result in osmotic stress in those species whose osmoregulation systems
are adapted to a mineralized environment. Severe osmotic stress can
result in osmotic shock which will lead to rapid death.
Sizes: 100 mL, 250 mL, 500 mL, 2 L, 4 L, 20 L
Osmotic Stress and Shock
Occurs when fish are kept in water with inadequate mineral levels (too
high or too low). Osmotic stress affects more seriously fish whose natural
habitat is rich in minerals and who are kept in an aquarium with a low
mineral level, as osmotic gradients (difference) between the internal
fluids of the fish and its surrounding environment (water) increase. Such
fish have a less effective osmoregulation than those who are physiologically
adapted to water with a low mineral level. That is why they are not able
to cope with overloading of osmoregulation.
Osmotic shock can be a result of a breakdown in osmoregulation due to
inappropriate chemical composition of the water. It can also be caused
by increased permeability of the skin resulting from a disease or trauma.
Osmoregulation enables fish to maintain the proper balance of salt and
water in the body, which is necessary to create optimal conditions for
various physiological and biochemical processes. In all fish species osmoregulation
developed in a way that enabled them to maintain the proper balance of
salt and water in the water with chemical composition found in their natural
habitat. If osmoregulation is disturbed due to adverse conditions (osmotic
stress) or a sudden change in the chemical composition of water (osmotic
shock), fish might not be able to physiologically cope wih it.
Chronic osmotic stress can eventually result in fish�s death and
osmotic shock can cause death very quickly.
Directions
DIRECTIONS: Add 5 mL (1 capful) Replenish� to 40 L (10 US Gallons)
to raise GH by 1 meq/L (2.8 dGH). Recommended restoration level into DI
or RO water is 1-2 meq/L which is 5 mL per each 20-40 L (5-10 US gallons).
Guaranteed Analysis
Calcium (min) |
13.00% |
Calcium (max) |
14.00% |
Magnesium
(min) |
1.2% |
Potassium (min) |
0.12% |
Sodium
(min) |
0.60% |
Sodium (max) |
0.70% |
Amounts per 1 L
Ingredients: calcium chloride, magnesium chloride,
sodium chloride, potassium chloride